Steps of Scientific Methods

1. Observation
    Facts are based on observation obtained directly or indirectly by the senses or instruments. Such as
    Telescope, Microscope, Oscilloscope, Electron Microscope

   Eg:- Vision, Taste, Smell, Hearing & Contact

   Observation may be

   1. Qualitative - This describes colour, shape, taste presence and so on.

   2. Quantitative - Involves the amount or quality which may have been demonstrated qualitatively.

2. Identification of the problem based on observations

3. Collection of data

    All the facts related to a particular problem is known as data.

4. Formation of Hypothesis based on the observation

    Hypothesis is an assumption or question based on the observation that may provide a valid explanation of 

    the observation.

    A hypothesis has 2 functions

    1. It should account for all the observed facts relevant to the problem.

    2. It should lead to the prediction of new information.

5. Testing Hypothesis using experiments

6. Making predictions and testing them by further using experiments

    Confirming predictions supported by predictions. 

7. Formulating theories which may be modified in the light of new knowledge.